All About Collision Bulkhead, Purpose, SOLAS Regulations and Its Position

What is collision Bulkhead?
> Collision Bulkhead is a  heavy duty water tight bulkhead in the forepart of the vessel to withstand damage after impact from collision. 
> It is the foremost major watertight bulkhead, which extends from bottom to main deck(upper deck). 
> It is at a distance of L/20  from forward perpendicular.
SOLAS Regulation (SOLAS  Ch II-1, Reg 12.1)
> The bulkhead is watertight from the bottom of the ship, up to the main deck.
> The collision bulkhead should be located not less than 0.05L or 10 metres, whichever is the lesser from the forward perpendicular
> Not more than 0.08L or 0.05L+3 m, whichever is the greater from the forward perpendicular
MIN( 0.05L, 10 m) ≤ d ≤ MAX(0.08L, 0.05L+3)
> Collision bulkhead should not have any openings like doors, manholes, access openings, ventilation ducts etc
> Single pipe line is allowed to penetrate through the collision bulkhead for filling and emptying of fore peak tank.

Why Collision Bulkhead kept at L/20 of the ship?
  The position of bulkhead depends on different factors
    > One reason is SOLAS regulation as we have discussed above.
    > Classification Society requires a watertight Collision Bulkhead within reasonable distance from forward.
    > Position based on flood-able length calculations
    >By “Trochoidal Theory”, wave height from trough to crest is 1/20 of the wave length, therefore maximum shearing force usually occurs at about L/20 of ship from each end.


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